hyatt



(No Model.)

No. 243,265.v

`Patented)unc-121.18531.

INVBNTOR:

ATTORNEY.

N PETERS. Phnmmhagraphar. wuningwn. D. C.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

' J. W. HYATT.

Filter. No. 243,265. Patented June 21,1881.

INVENTOR wmmsss:

l WWW Z l, BY Wf- ATTORNEY.

ssn --sn 3. J, w. HYATT. e@ s e Filter. Patented lune 21,1881.

,(No Model.)

lNo. 243,265

WITNBSSES @ff/Q7 UNITED STATES;

PATENT 'OFFICE JOHN W. HYATT, OE NEWARK, NEW JERSEY, AssieNoR To THENEWARK EILTERING COMPANY, OE SAME Pinion.v

FILTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 243,265, dated June 21,1881. Application met February 11, 1881. (No mgdei.)

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JOHN W. HYATT, of Newark,in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented a new anduseful Improvement in Filters, of which the follow-V ing is aspecification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

The invention relates to anim proved method and apparatus fortilteringwater. It is based primarily upon the theory of dividing astream so that the divisions of the stream are separatelypuriiied bymeans of independent filters and the puriied streams united for purposesof delivery; and inasmuch as the cardinal purpose is to purify largequantities of water rapidly and economically, the lilters areconstructed and arranged in a novel manner, so as to permit of the useof the forms of filterbeds best adapted to the eectuation of the objectsof the invention. Instead of a single large bed, a number or series ofsmall ones are employed, whereby the requisite surface is provided, uponwhich the water is fed in separate divisions or streams, and afterbeingpuried returned to a common delivery-pi pe. The apparatus isprovided with a means of washing the beds, and otherwise appropriatelyadapted to the end for which it is designed.

The construction and operation will be understood from the detaileddescription hereinafter presented, reference being had to theaccompanyiug drawings, in which- Figure'l is a side elevation, partly insection, of a tilter embodying the elements of the invention. Fig.2 isan end view of same. Fig. 3 is a face view of one of the sections ofwhich the filter is composed. Fig. 4 is a plan, with a portion insection on the central horizontal center of the apparatus. Figs. 5 and 6are detached views, showing a modification, which is describedhereinafter.

A indicates 'the apparatus as a whole, and B the sections or castings ofwhich the apparatus is composed, the sections, by preference, allcorresponding in size and being of circular form.

1n 'constructin g the filter as many of the sections B as may be desiredmay be employed, according to the quantity of the water to be filteredwithin any specified time andthe space to be occupiedby the apparatus.The sections B will be cast with the pipe E at their lower portions, andon one side, at about their longitudinal center, with the pipe F, whichpipes, when the sections are united, extend the Whole length of theapparatus and are used for conducting the water to and from thetilter-beds, the pipe E being to supply the water to the apparatus andthe pipe F to conduct the pure water away. The sections B extendentirely across the interior ot' the apparatus, and have cast atsuitable points upon their opposite faces the studs a, upon which thescreens b, of line Wire-cloth vor other material answering a similarpurpose, are secured, and which prevent the said screens from beingforced inward against the sections or partitions B. The sections B willalso be provided at their longitudinal center with an aperture, f,encircled on each side of the section with a collar, g, from whichradiate ribs h. The ribs h are supplied as a means of strengthening thesections, and in thickness will beequal to the elevation of the lugs a,so that the wire-cloth b can rest upon them. In the apertures j' will beinserted a pipe, H, ruiming through the longitudinal center ot' theapparatus, and provided in each compartment thereof, at right angles toits line of center, with a pipe or pipes, t', which extend outward to apoint in near relation to the innercircuinference of the outer portionsoi' the castings, and which are provided with apertures t on one or moresides, from which the water may issue. rlhe pipes, or that portion ofthem containing the apertures, will be covered with wire-cloth, so as toprotect them from the entrance of the sand or other material used forthe filtering-bed.

If it is desired to make thepipcst' self-propelling, apertures forreaction-jets may be formed in their ends and protected from theentrance of sand by wire-cloth or analogous material. In thisconstruction the-pipes would revolve slowly on the well-knownBarker-mill principle.

The apertures f will be adapted toloosely receive the pipe H, which, ifdesired, may be covered with short sections of wrought-iron pipe betweenthe partitions, for the purpose of resisting any longitudinal strain onthe latter.

The sections B at the ends ot' the apparatus will have a solid exterior,so as to edectually inclose its contents, and by preference will be castwith lugs n at suitable points on their edges, the lugs serving as meansof connecting the said ends by bolts t, runnin g from one end to theother ofthe apparatus, whereby the IOO intervening sections or castingsare firmly secured together. When the sections B are united by bolts, asaforesaid, to form the apparatus, packing of rubber, leather, or othersuitable material may be placed between the edges of the sections forthe purpose of makingthe joints watertight; or the packing may beomitted and the joints sealed or made watertight by other means,according to circum-V stances.

In the side and in the lower portion of the partitions B are formed theports d e, the ports d in the side leading from the compartments 1between the sections or partitions to thepipe F, and the ports e in thelower portion leading from the supply-pipe E upward into each of thecompartments I.

When the sections or partitions are united to form the apparatus, thespaces I between them will be supplied with a filtering agent of anykind and in any form that may be desired. The nature of the filteringagent will depend in some degree upon whether or not the washer H ismade use of. If the washer is employed, the material will be of such acharacter that its agitation may be accomplished by rotating the Washer,as hereinafter set forth 5 but if the washer is not used the filteringagent may be of any desired form, as may be preferred. As, however, thewasher will generally bev used by preference, the spaces I will befilled to within, say, about from two to four inches of their upperedges with sand, charcoal, or other suitable material in granular form,the material being separated. from the partitions land prevented fromentering the ports d e by the screens of wire-cloth b, resting againstthe lugs a and ribs h, before described.

For the purpose of affording a means for introducing the sand into thecompartments I, suitable hand-holes, J, are formed in the upper portionsof the castings, and as a means of withdrawing the sand when desired,handholes K are cast in the lower portions thereof, to one side of thepipe E, both hand-holes being supplied with lids or covers L, by meansof which the holes are securely closed.

The inlet-pipe E is connected with a supplypipe, M, and between the pipeM and the apparatus with the waste-pipe N, the connection between thewaste-pipe N and the inlet being by a pipe, O, supplied with a valve,I?. The inlet-pipe E will be provided with a valve, Q, between the wasteand supply pipes. The outlet-pipe F will-lead to the main G, and will besupplied with a valve, It, so as to break the connection when desired.

The washer-pipe H is connected by means of a pipe, S, with the main forclean water, G, and is furnished near its outer end with a wheel, crank,or other device by which it may be turned by hand; or the pipe may berotated in other ways, if preferred. In the pipe S will be provided avalve, T, by which the connection with the main Gr may be broken whendesired.

The upper portions of the vertical part of the sections B--say to withinabout six inches of their upper edges-are cast without the lugs a, andwill not be covered with the wire-cloth, the upper edges being securedto the sections or partitions by the straps Vf'screwed or bolted inplace, as shown in Fig. l.

In the operation of the apparatus, the valves T and P being closed andthe valves Q R opened, the water to be cleansed is forced under pressureinto the inlet-pipe E, whence it passes through the ports e into eachcompartment I. After leaving the ports e, the water passes upward aroundthe lugs a, thence through the wire-cloth and filtering-beds, and outthrough the ports d into the outlet-pipe F.

Vhen the filtering-beds and screens b become foul from silt and othersediment, in order to clean them thoroughly and at the same time loosenup the sand or other material employed for the ltering-beds, the valvesT and P are opened and thevalves Q and R closed, when the clean water isforced from the main Gr through the pipe S into the pipe H, and thenceinto the filtering-beds through the apertures t" in the shorter pipest', while the pipe H is slowly moved by means of the hand-wheel orcrank, or otherwise. As soon as the water begins to escape from thepipest' the granular material in immediate proximity to them is agitatedand displaced, thus permitting the rotation of the washer. The pipes iwill be rotated in the direction of the current of water to befiltered-that is, from the inlet-ports e toward the` outlet-ports d-andthe usual prac tice will be to have the perforations or apertures t" onthe side of the pipes i facing the direction of its movement. Ifdesired, the pipes i may be perforated on all their sides, in which casethey may be rotated in either direction. One or more completerevolutions of the washer are made through the filterbeds, loosening thegranular material and permitting the water issuing from the aperturesl*in the said pipes to thoroughly wash it. The

water employed in washing the beds passes through the ports e and pipeEinto the waste pipe N, and is thus carried away. After the washing hasbeen accomplished the valves T and P are closed and the valves Q and Ropened again, and the operation of filtering proceeded with as before.

It is plain that the apparatus may be employed in a vertical or in ahorizontal position, as may be preferred; but in the employment ot' alarge filter I prefer to arrau ge it in a vertical position.

If desired, iu lieu of washing the filteringbeds by the agitatorpipe H,they may be `cleansed by simplyr reversing the current of water throughthe apparatus. In this case the water willeuter at the ports d and issueat the ports e, and the ow of the reversed Acurrent need only bepermitted for a few minutes. In many instances-perhaps as a generalrule-this means of washing will be found useful and effectual ifpracticed at short intervals; but to preserve the bed in a properly IOOIOS

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pure condition and to render the current by reversal effectual, theoperation of the washer H, whereby the entire bed is agitated, will beoccasionally required. The employment of the two methodsis a matterofjudgment which will be governed by circumstances, and which will bereadily understood by the skilled operator.

It is obvious that the apparatus may be modified in some respectswithout departing from the essence of the invention. For instance, theinlet may be constructed near the outlet; and in place of the partitionsbeing in their present precise form, the screens b may be prevented fromcollapsing by a lling of gravel, which would also allow a free passageof the water over the surfaces of the filterbeds.

Instead of the screens b,made of wire-cloth, perforated plates or otherexpedients which will permit the water to escape, and at the same timeprevent the escape of the granular material, may be employed, thepurpose of the screens being to form a space between the filter-beds andthe solid part of the partitions in which the water can circulate freelyand come in contact with both sides of the said filterbeds, the entireltration-surfaces being thereby brought into use.

I do not limit myself to any special arrangement of the pipes foragitating and cleaning the filter-beds, as they may be arranged invarious ways and still operate with satisfactory results. One,modification would be to have them project from a supply-pipe downwardinto the beds without being capable of rotation.

. ln this case the ltering material is agitated by the water which iscaused to issue from the pipes rising through it.

In the foregoing description I have emphasized particularly theconstruction and operation of an apparatus in which a washer is used inconnection with beds of material of a granular or reduced form; but l donot limit my` claim to such an apparatus, even though I greatly preferto employ it. Thus the washer may be entirely dispensedwith and thesections I filled with sponge or other materials or agents in connectionwith which the washer could not possibly be successfully employed.

The modification shown in Figs. 5 and 6 consists simply in the additionof the pipe X to the apparatus and its connection, by means of ports a,with the filter-beds on each side of the partitions. The pipeX willpreferably be formed at the upper portions of the apparatus, and issupplied as affording one method of cleaning the filter-beds. If used,the pipe X will be connected by a suitable pipe with the Waste- ,pipe N,the connecting-pipe being supplied with a valve. ln the employment ofthe pipe X, the valve Pis closed, so that the water will be compelled torise through the entire body of the bed and find an outlet at the upperportion of the apparatus.

If preferred, in lieu of the pipes i, a series of blades or arms may bemade use of, the blades or arms extending into the beds, substantiallyas indicated, where the pipes are employed.

It is not intended to embrace in the first clause of the claim of thisinstrument anything shown .in the patent to A. Wegelin, dated October14, 187 9, which is therefore disclaimed.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

1. A filtering' apparatus consisting of a series of sections, B, havinglugs a, or equivalentdevices, upon their surfaces, 'for supporting thescreens b, and each provided with the inlet-port e and outlet-port d,protected by the screens, and connecting with a supply and deliverypipe, the sections forming, when united, a series of compartments, I,containing beds of sand or other material in reduced or granular form,substantially as set forth.

2. A filtering apparatus consisting of a series of independentfilter-beds of granular or reduced material and a 4Washer or agitator,the beds being each providedwith inlet and outlet ports connected with acommon supply and delivery pipe, and the Washer or agitator consistingof a series of subordinate agitators upon a common shaft, whereby theseparate beds are simultaneously agitated to effect a separation ofobnoxious material and permit of a removal of the same, substantially asset forth.

3. In a filtering apparatus consisting of a casing containing a bed offiltering material in reduced or granular form, the Washer-pipe H,having a pipe or pipes, i, containing an outlet or outlets protectedwith wire-cloth or analogous material, the pipe or pipes being arrangedto enter the bed, 'substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. A filtering apparatus consisting of a receptacle containing a seriesof beds of sand or other suitable filtering material, separated byhollow perforated partitions provided with inlet and outlet portsconnecting with a supply and delivery, in combination with washer-pipesadapted to be rotated and issue jets of water in each of said beds,substantially as set forth.

5. In a ltering apparatus consisting of a series of sections, B, forminghollow partitions between beds of filtering material, the centralwasher-pipe, H, passing through the partitions and supplied in thecompartments between them with shorter pipes t', substantially as setforth.

6. The sections B, cast with the lugs a, upon which screens b areplaced, and forming the compartments I, containing filter-beds, incombination with the rotating pipe H and pipes i, substantially as setforth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing iniprovement in filters, asabove described,1 have hereunto set my hand this 29th da-y of January,1881.

JOHN W. HYATT.

Witnesses:

Otras. C. GILL, WM. R. SANDS.

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